Informatics Publishing Limited

R. K. Bajpai ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Applied Geology, University of Saugar, Sagar 470002, IN

Abstract

For the purpose of differentiating various geometric classes of folds, the author has tried a new parameter. It has been designated as ratio ,√a. The value of √a varies from one geometric class of the folds to the other. Folds with class 1 geometry show a value greater than 1, whereas class 3 folds show a value less than 1. For the class 2 folds ,√a it is always 1.

Keywords

Folds, Structural Geology.

Full Text

     

Tripti Nayak ¹, R. K. Bajpai ¹, Priyanka Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indira Gandhi Krishi VishwaVidyalaya, RAIPUR (C.G.), IN

Abstract

To study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilization on depth wise distribution of different forms of phosphorus in Vertisol was performed on Vertisol under rice crop on soil samples obtained from the ongoing long term fertilizer experiment (LTFE) project. The P status of the different soil P fractions (salod-P, Al-P, Fe-P, Red-P and Ca-P) were analyzed from 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm and 30-60 cm in soil depths. All P fractions were higher in surface layer than that subsurface layer. The sequential order of dominance of different forms of P were Ca-P > Red-P > Fe-P > Al-P > saloid-P in Vertisol. The highest value of P fractions were recorded in the treatments 150 per cent NPK and 100 per cent NPK+FYM. Fertilizer was added rate of 0, 50, 100 and 150 per cent of recommended dose (100:60:40) in rice integrated with FYM at 100 per cent level and with green manure and BGA at 50 per cent level in rice. The integration with FYM showed pronounced effect on P fractions. Continuous monitoring of physical and chemical properties should be carried out for maintaining soil health and enhancing the crop production. Maximum portion of applied P was transformed in Ca-P followed by Red-P, Fe-P and Al-P. Percentage distribution of different forms of P at 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm and 30-60 cm soil depths was also studied the higher amount of all P fractions (%) were recorded in surface layer (0-15 cm) than at sub surface (15-30 cm) and low in deep layer (30-60 cm). However, higher P availability was observed at surface layer than that at sub surface layer.

Keywords

P Fraction, Soil Depth, Percentage Distribution, Vertisol.

Full Text

     

J. P. Shrivastava ¹, R. K. Bajpai ², Nishi Rani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, University of Delhi, Delhi - 110 007, IN
2 BETDD, Nuclear Recycle Group, BARC, Mumbai - 400 008, IN

Abstract

Glass is an important material used for high-level nuclear waste (HLW) management, accommodates and immobilizes several constituents. The ability ot the nuclear waste glasses is to contain high-level radioactive wastes over the service life of a potential geologic repository. The corrosion of a complex waste glass is governed by two basic mechanisms, such as, ion exchange and hydrolysis. In the present review paper, leach rate experiments under accelerated pressure, temperature and controlled pH conditions are suggested to insight corrosion mechanism of complex nuclear waste glasses. The data obtained is required to be simulated, using geochemical codes to extrapolate corrosion of glass for long term performances assessments in the geological repository.

Keywords

Corrosion, Leaching, Vitrification, Geological Lepository, Geochemical Codes.

Full Text

     

Suresh N. Karkhanis ¹, R. K. Bajpai ², P. K. Narayan ²

Affiliations
1 Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Petroleum and Polymer Engineering, MAEER's Maharashtra Institute of Technology, S No 124, Ex-Servicemen Colony, Kothrud, Pune - 41 1 038, IN
2 Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai - 400 085, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

Full Text

   

R. K. Bajpai ¹, P. K. Narayan ¹

Affiliations
1 Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai - 400 085, IN

Abstract

One of the most critical issues in nuclear waste management is the extrapolation of material and system behavior from Short-Term laboratory experiments, typically on the order of Two-Three years to thousands of years. Natural rhyolitic and basaltic glasses serve as potential natural analogues of nuclear waste glasses for providing insight on the long term performance assessment of these High-Level radioactive waste forms over thousands of years in a deep geological repository. In spite of compositional variation, a remarkable phenomenal similarity exists among these glasses in terms of alteration mechanism, rates and products when subjected to alteration by both fresh as well as marine waters. In this note, the geochemistry of shock glasses from world famous impact crater of Lonar Lake, Buldana district, Maharashtra is evaluated to assess its suitability for use as a natural analogue of waste glasses.

Full Text

   

R. K. Bajpai ¹

Affiliations
1 Back End Technology Development Division, Nuclear Recycle Group Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Department of Atomic Energy, Mumbai - 400 085, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

Full Text

   

R. K. Bajpai ¹, P. K. Narayan ¹, R. K. Trivedi ²

Affiliations
1 Back End Technology Development Division, Nuclear Recycle Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Department of Atomic Energy, Mumbai - 400 085, IN
2 Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, University of Saugor, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh - 470 003, IN

Abstract

Good analogy in terms of migration of Cs, groundwater chemistry, thermal and hydraulic processes and near field geochemistry, has been noticed between the Puga Geothermal Field and a typical granite hosted nuclear waste geological repository. The former can contribute immensely for demonstration of long term degradation of material used in geological repository viz Waste glasses, Backfill and Buffer clays and rocks under the influence of varying thermal-Hydraulic and chemical conditions. It also holds good potential to study Cs migration, gas mobility and modification of groundwater chemistry, thereby providing field scale parametric values to a number of key processes of a geological repository for nuclear wastes. The results can be used to validate numerically simulated radionuclide migration pattern through various groundwater pathways.

Keywords

Nuclear Wastes, Geological Repository, Puga Thermal Springs, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir.

Full Text

     

Nishi Rani ¹, J. P. Shrivastava ¹, R. K. Bajpai ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, IN
2 Nuclear Recycle Group, BARC, Mumbai 400 008, IN

Abstract

Nuclear waste loaded and natural (analogue) glasses were studied to understand neo-formed mineral species, formed in equilibrium with the physico-chemical conditions existing in the geological repository. To predict alteration-phases, dissolution equations for average vitrification system (AVS), barium borosilicate (BBS) and obsidian glass were calculated, considering glass composition, pressure, temperature and pH conditions. Progress of reaction plotted against saturation index, indicates saturation with solid phases - chamosite, chalcedony and Ca-beidellite in obsidian; greenalite and fayalite in AVS; and coffinite BBS glass. Activities and molalities of aqueous species together with the number of moles of each mineral species produced and degenerated during the progress of the reaction (as a function of time) are discussed in this communication.

Keywords

Geochemical Modelling, Geological Repository, Natural Glass, Nuclear Waste.

Full Text

   

R. K. Bajpai ¹, V. Srinivasan ²

Affiliations
1 Repository Projects Section, Back End Technology and Development Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai - 400 084, IN
2 Geological Survey of India, Shillong, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

Full Text

   

S. K. Shrivastava ¹, R. K. Bajpai ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Applied Chemistry, Govt. Engineering College, Jabalpur, MP, IN

Abstract

Legumes constitute an important source of dietary protein of large segments of the world's population particularly in those countries in which the consumption of animal protein is limited by its non-availability or is denied because of religious or cultural habit. In the present investigation five new varieties of Cajanus cajan (Arhar) have been analysed for their general composition.

Full Text

     

Gulab Chand ¹, R. K. Bajpai ¹, Shashikant Sahu ¹, Madan Prasad Paikra ¹, Himanshu Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), IN

Abstract

Exploratory studies were undertaken from the farmers field of village Hanoda, Durg district, Chattisgarh to evaluate the performance of different prevailing varieties of rice and to find out suitable variety of rice for lowland rice cultivation under agro climatic conditions. The growth and yield attributes of rice varieties varied significantly. The plant height decreased gradually in the following manner, Mahamaya>MTU 1010>Mahsuri >HMT>Danteshwari variety of rice grown. The maximum plant height (87.00 cm) was recorded with Mahamaya variety which was at par with MTU 1010 and Mahsuri varieteis (86.87 cm and 84.25 cm) and was significantly higher than the HMT (82.37 cm) and Danteshwari (79.75 cm) varieties of rice grown. The number of tillers per plant increased gradually from 249.63 tillers per sq.m in Mahamaya to 284.13 tillers per sq.m in HMT and then decreased in case of Danteshwari. The data on grain yield revealed that significantly higher grain yield (48.00 q/ha) was recorded with HMT variety of rice grown. The grain yields increased gradually from 41.77q/ha in Mahamaya to 48.00 q/ha in HMT and then decreased to 44.12 q/ha in Danteshwari variety of rice crop.

Keywords

Rice, Variety, Yield Attributes, Yield.

Full Text

     

Nishi Rani ¹, J. P. Shrivastava ¹, R. K. Bajpai ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, University of Delhi, Delhi - 110 007, IN
2 BETDD, Nuclear Recycle Group, BARC, Mumbai - 400 008, IN

Abstract

Obsidian glass alteration experiments under near hydrothermal conditions were performed to study mechanism and conditions of formation of altered minerals. X-ray diffraction patterns and cell dimensions of the specimens treated at 150, 200 and 300°C (pH = 8.03) revealed appearance of three main minerals - illite (9.5-10 Å), chlorite (7.04 Å) and halloysite (10.25Å). Further increase in the pH favours matrix dissolution with the formation of secondary altered layers. SEM-EDS study show that the alteration causes smoothing of the grain surfaces. These surfaces exhibits etch pits and series of depressions, formed by the process of dissolution. SEM - Back Scattered Electron images of obsidian specimens show thin laminae of smectite, with foliated bulky rims and cellular honeycomb texture, formed by precipitation from the solution as well as by direct transformation of glass during alteration. This mechanism is resulting from the alteration of alkalis by ionic inter-diffusion with H₃O⁺ and H⁺ and inward diffusion of H₂O, leading to free diffusion of silica into solution and then to a local rearrangement of the glass framework. Thus, a direct transformation of glass into clay minerals is the major reaction mechanism as evidenced by the mechanism of glass dissolution and subsequent mineral precipitation.

Keywords

Near Hydrothermal Condition, Geological Repository, Dissolution, Mineral Precipitation.

Full Text

     

Vrinda Brajesh Gupta ¹, T. K. Pal ¹, R. K. Bajpai ¹

Affiliations
1 Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, IN

Abstract

Calculation of temperature field in a deep geological repository (DGR) after emplacement of a large number of heat emitting vitrified radioactive canisters is important and requires large computational time and hence in this study an effort has been made towards development of artificial neural network (ANN) based model that can predict the temperature quickly. The datasets required to train the ANN model were generated using an in-house developed GUI tool for simulating heat diffusion process. Various numerical studies were conducted with different configurations of the ANN model and different datasets of size 50, 100, 150, 200, to optimize the number of input data required to train the model. The results in the form of temperature values predicted by the trained ANN model have been compared with those for the same problem calculated using analytical and finite difference based methods. The trained ANN model can predict temperature values with less than 0.001% error.

Keywords

Artificial Neural Network, Geological Repository, Host Rock, Radioactive Waste, Temperature Field.

Full Text

   

Binu Kumar ¹, A. K. Verma ², R. K. Bajpai ¹, T. N. Singh ³

Affiliations
1 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400 094, IN
2 Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, IN
3 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN

Abstract

High-level heat-emitting long-lived vitrified radio­active waste produced during recycling of the spent nuclear fuel is under consideration for permanent disposal in deep geological formations with appropriate thermomechanical, hydrogeological and geochemical properties. The capability of these rock formations ensuring long-term confinement and isolation of such waste from the environment is significantly controlled by their efficiency in smoothly dissipating the heat emanating from the waste. A number of rock types such as basalt, granite, clay stones, volcanic tuff, argillites, etc. are being evaluated worldwide as well as in India. In this study, a granite from Jalore and bentonite from Barmer, both from Rajasthan, India, have been evaluated for their heat dissipation capacity. The study revealed that the temperature within granite at the centre of the canister reached 55.21°C, resulting in a thermal stress of 25.50 MPa. Bentonite experienced a temperature of 67.42°C in the central part with maximum thermal stress and displacement of 1.78 MPa and 0.446 mm respectively. A displacement of 0.997 mm was recorded at the granite–bentonite interface. Thus, no significant microcrack formation or undesirable displacement was observed within the granite as well as in bentonite, suggesting their capability to isolate and confine the heat-emitting source for extended periods.

Keywords

Bentonite, deep geological repository, granite, radioactive waste, thermo-mechanical analysis.

Full Text